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来源：分分赛车2024-01-26 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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北京师范大学第七届“青春国学”论坛暨“中华优秀传统文化与中华传统美德养成”论坛成功举办******

　　2023年1月6日至7日，北京师范大学第七届“青春国学”论坛暨“中华优秀传统文化与中华传统美德养成”论坛以线上直播形式举办。本次论坛由北京师范大学主办，北京师范大学文学院、北京师范大学国家中小学（含中职）语文教材建设重点研究基地、国家语言文字推广基地、基础教育发展管理部、北京师范大学青春国学联盟校共同承办。北京师范大学副校长康震，北京师范大学文学院院长王立军，冯燊均国学基金会主席、大成国学基金捐款人鲍俊萍，大成国学基金代表凌友诗出席开幕式并致辞。全国基础教育工作者在多个平台参与本次论坛，线上观看超过两万人次。

　　北京师范大学副校长康震致贺词。他指出，本次论坛的举办旨在为基础教育事业输送优质师资，培养“四有好老师”。论坛主题突显了北师大对如何实现中国传统文化在当代的创造性转化与创新性发展的关切与思考，力图将中华优秀传统文化中的教育资源与中小学教育实践相结合，发扬北师大光荣的教育传统，响应习近平总书记回信精神；之后，北京师范大学文学院院长王立军介绍了本次论坛的四个板块及各自内容，并感谢与会嘉宾的鼎力支持。

　　据了解，本次论坛面向全国基础教育界语文、道德与法治教研员，中小学校长，教学、德育负责人及一线教师，围绕“中华优秀传统文化与中华传统美德养成”主题，开展专家主题报告、名校校长论坛、古典诗词联吟展演、教学研讨课等活动，旨在沟通大、中、小学校，联结专家、校长、教师、学生探索中华优秀传统文化教育的学科、学术话语体系，促进中华优秀传统文化与学校教育有机融合。

北京师范大学第七届“青春国学”论坛暨“中华优秀传统文化与中华传统美德养成”论坛成功举办

　　活动中，冯燊均国学基金会主席鲍俊萍、大成国学基金代表凌友诗、北京大学历史学系教授赵冬梅、北京师范大学文学院教授李小龙、深圳市宝安区西乡小学党支部书记李赠华、北京市八一学校常务副校长王华蓓、郑州市第四高级中学副校长刘继勋等嘉宾都进行了发言或针对各自领域作主题演讲。

　　“青春国学”论坛暨“中华优秀传统文化与中华传统美德养成”论坛是北京师范大学发挥在基础教育领域引领示范作用的品牌活动，旨在响应时代号召，深入挖掘中华优秀传统文化蕴含的思想观念、人文精神、道德规范，结合时代要求继承创新，与广大教育界同仁携手并进，共同探索优秀传统文化教育理论发展与教育实践，为中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化与创新性发展、中华文化的自信自强与社会主义文化新辉煌贡献自己的力量。（樊俐俐）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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